Sreela majumdar biography of christopher columbus

This term refers to the widespread exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Old World and the New World. The exchange of flora and fauna also had profound impacts on the ecosystems of both hemispheres.

Sreela majumdar biography of christopher columbus

Additionally, the introduction of diseases, such as smallpox, had devastating effects on indigenous populations, who lacked immunity to these new illnesses. The Columbian Exchange greatly transformed agriculture, diet, and culture on both sides of the Atlantic. After his initial voyage, Columbus returned to the Americas on subsequent journeys, leading to the establishment of settlements and colonies.

For example, he established La Navidad on the island of Hispaniola present-day Haiti and the Dominican Republic during his first voyage. Although La Navidad did not survive, it marked the beginning of European presence in the Americas. Prior to his explorations, there was a prevailing belief that the Earth was flat, and many feared that sailing too far west would result in falling off the edge of the world.

His voyages contributed to the production of new maps and charts, improved navigational techniques, and a greater understanding of global geography. This expansion of geographical knowledge had far-reaching effects, paving the way for future explorers and navigators. Retrieved 12 August The Life of Christopher Columbus. Prabhat Prakashan.

Columbus on himself. Christopher Columbus. Indianapolis: Hackett Pub. Bobadilla was prejudiced in advance by what he heard, or what the monarchs relayed, from Columbus detractors. HIs brief was to conduct a judicial inquiry into Columbus' conduct, an unjust proceeding, in the Admiral's submission, since Bobadilla had a vested interest in an outcome that would keep him in power.

Retrieved 18 June New York: Penguin. Conquistadores: a new history of Spanish discovery and conquest. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons The end of the Columbian Government in Hispaniola". Journal on European History of Law. Marcial Pons Historia. The Early Spanish Main. Editorial Universitaria Centroamericana. Las sociedades originarias; El orden colonial.

Tomo 2. El orden colonial in Spanish. Government Printing Office. In Roorda, Paul ed. Hispanic American Historical Review. Retrieved 26 January The First Americans. Berkeley: University of California Press. Westminster John Knox Press. The American Historical Review. University of Maryland School of Medicine. Archived from the original on 23 January Archives of Internal Medicine.

PMID September The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. Micheal; Slape, Emily Tarver, H. Micheal; Slape, Emily eds. El Universal in Spanish. Retrieved 2 February Inflammatory Arthritis in Clinical Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. Archived from the original on 27 August Retrieved 20 March Retrieved 3 February Associated Press.

Archived from the original on 31 October Retrieved 15 August Retrieved 26 October June Cuadernos de Medicina Forense in Spanish. AP News. Archived from the original on 19 May Retrieved 21 May New York: G. Putnam's Sons. Evening Star. Archived from the original on 2 January Retrieved 15 August — via Newspapers. In Search of a Kingdom. Boston: Mariner Books.

Christopher Columbus did not discover a new world, nor did he ever set foot on the North American continent. Rather, he established continuous contact between two continents, each with major populations. But he became a national hero for the United States, and, as such, he has frequently been placed on the same level with George Washington and Abraham Lincoln by Americans who prefer mythology to facts.

Early in our history, he became a unifying symbol to the struggling English colonies when Puritan preachers began to use his life as an exemplum of the developing American spirit. On the eve of the American Revolution, poems, songs, sermons, and polemic essays in which Columbus was idealized as the discoverer of a new land for a new people flowed from New England.

Such veneration culminated in a movement to name the nation "Columbia. Thinking back in spring to "the antiquities of New England," Cotton Mather came upon a crucial connection, as he saw it, between the voyage of Columbus two centuries before and the Puritans' Great Migration. Considered together, the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and the landing at San Salvador held the key to a great design.

To begin with, Columbus's voyage was one of three shaping events of the modern age, all of which occurred in rapid succession at the turn of the sixteenth century: 1 " the Resurrection of Literature ", University Press of New England. The Legacy of Christopher Columbus in the Americas. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press. The Nation.

NYU Press. Richard; Gregory, Stanley V. In Benke, Arthur C. Rivers of North America. Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura. World Digital Library. Retrieved 17 July University of Illinois Press. In Provenzo, Eugene F. World Archaeology. In King, John ed. The Wilson Quarterly. November — via Google Books. Cornell University Press.

Italian Americana. History Today. The History Teacher. Alfred Crosby, a scholar with the mind of a scientist and the heart of a humanist. He writes that "the major initial effect of the Columbian voyages was the transformation of America into a charnel house. In Jayasuriya, Shihan de S. The African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean. Africa World Press.

Testimonies from the Columbian Lawsuits. When we speak today of the "legacy" of Christopher Columbus, we usually refer to the broadly historic consequences of his famous voyages, meaning the subsequent European conquest and colonization of the Americas. Norse Greenland: Viking Peasants in the Arctic. National Geographic. Archived from the original on 7 August Wisconsin Historical Society.

Archived from the original on 26 February Retrieved 22 March Vintage Books. When referring to the conquest, Venezuelans tend to side with the original "Indians" inhabiting the territory, even though "we" are generally careful to distinguish ourselves from them, and above all from their contemporary descendants. This tactical identification suggests that the force of this rejoinder comes not just from the hold of the familiar—Columbus already discovered America, so what's new—but from the appeal of a more exclusive familiarity evoked by a shift of location — he only "discovered" it for Europe, not for "us".

It is as if we viewed Columbus's arrival from two perspectives, his own, and that of the natives. When we want to privilege "our" special viewpoint, we claim as ours the standpoint of the original Americans, the view not from the foreign ship but from our "native" land. An Introduction to Latin American Philosophy. American Literary History. Retrieved 8 February The encounter between two worlds is a fact that cannot be denied The word discovery gives prominence to the heroes of the enterprise; the word encounter gives more emphasis to the peoples who actually "encountered" each other and gave substance to a New World.

Whereas discovery marks a happening, an event, encounter conveys better the idea of the political journey that has brought us to the reality of today, spanning the five hundred years since These historical and political milestones are valuable because they relate the present to both the past and the future. It was inevitable that history written from a Eurocentric standpoint should speak in terms of discovery and it is equally inevitable that, as history has now come to be seen in universal terms, we should have adopted so evocative a term as encounter.

New York: Plume. Not So! New York: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 5 September Inventing the Flat Earth: Columbus and modern historians. New York: Praeger. European Images of the Americas and the Classical Tradition. Liverpool University Press. New York: W. Science , , — Geodesy for the Layman Report 4th ed. United States Air Force.

This cycle of violence, intentionally created to maximize the extraction of wealth from the islands, in combination with the epidemic diseases that were running rampant through the Taino population, together promoted the genocide of the Taino people Therefore, at best, the theory that disease did the business of killing and not the invaders can only be seen as a gratuitous colonizer apologetic designed to absolve the guilt of the continued occupation and exploitation of the indigenous people of this continent.

However, the truth of the matter is much worse and should be called by its appropriate name: American holocaust denial. The Washington Post. Retrieved 4 August Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 26 September Social Justice. Retrieved 29 July The Four Voyages of Christopher Columbus. NY: Penguin. Monthly Review Press. Retrieved 1 May In McCrank, Lawrence J.

Haworth Press. Atlantic Studies. Retrieved 29 March The New York Times. Retrieved 9 August The Ottawa Herald. Archived from the original on 24 May Retrieved 16 July LSU Press. PMC Harvard Gazette -US. Archived from the original on 23 December Retrieved 27 May Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. New York: Alfred A. London, England: Windmill Books.

Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 21 June Quaternary Science Reviews. Bibcode : QSRv.. Public Opinion Quarterly. Christopher Columbus, Mariner. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. Smallpox and its eradication. History of International Public Health. Geneva: World Health Organization. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version.

In other projects. Wikidata item. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. In Ek Din Achanak , directed by Mrinal Sen, Sreela played a key role in a story about the sudden disappearance of a college professor, and the emotional turmoil experienced by his family.

Apart from cinema, Sreela Majumdar has had a successful career in Bengali television, where she appeared in popular television serials that further cemented her status as a household name in Bengali households. Her roles on television allowed her to connect with a wider audience and brought her work into the everyday lives of Bengali viewers.

She often portrayed strong, relatable women, making her characters resonate with audiences across different generations. Throughout her career, Sreela remained connected to her roots in theater, often participating in stage productions and collaborating with local theater groups. Her dedication to theater reflects her love for live performance and her commitment to preserving Bengali culture through storytelling.

She has continued to contribute to the world of Bengali arts, both as a performer and as a mentor to young actors, inspiring future generations of artists. Collaborated with Legendary Directors : Sreela has worked with iconic Bengali directors like Satyajit Ray and Buddhadeb Dasgupta, showcasing her talent in critically acclaimed films such as Ghare Baire and Bagh Bahadur.

Roles in Socially Relevant Films : Known for her performances in films that address social issues, Sreela often portrays realistic characters with emotional depth, resonating with audiences and critics alike. Successful Television Career : In addition to her work in films, Sreela has appeared in several popular Bengali television serials, making her a familiar face in Bengali households.

Respected Public Figure : Sreela is admired by fans and colleagues alike for her dedication to her craft, her humility, and her commitment to meaningful storytelling. Award-Winning Performances : Throughout her career, Sreela has received numerous awards and accolades for her contributions to Bengali cinema and theater. Dedication to Theater : Despite her success in film and television, Sreela remains dedicated to theater, frequently performing in stage productions and staying connected to her artistic roots.