Catalina de aragon biography templates

Henry and Catherine were summoned to appear before the court on 18th June. Catherine was loudly applauded as she made her way to the Legatine Court. Once inside, she challenged that authority of the Court and the qualification of the two legates to hear the cast. She stated her wish for the case to be heard in Rome, but this was denied. Both Catherine and Henry were told to reappear on 21st June.

Henry ordered the legates to visit Catherine and persuade her to submit to his wishes. Catherine was reluctant to receive them privately saying that they could speak freely in front of her women. She maintained her belief in the legitimacy of her marriage. The Legatine court reassembled at Blackfriars. The house was packed as it had been rumoured that a decision would be made.

However, Campeggio announced that because of the large number of documents to be examined he would be unable to give judgement today. He went on to say that the court would now have to be adjourned until October because it was practice in Rome to break for the summer months. Henry received a summons from Rome to appear before the papal curia.

He was furious. His anger with Rome was growing as was the awareness that the Pope may never grant him a divorce. He realised that he needed to find another solution. Thomas Cranmer was summoned to appear before the King. Cranmer told Henry that it was his opinion that the marriage should be tried by the Doctors of Divinity in the Universities for it was them that studied the Bible and were therefore better qualified to discuss its meaning.

If the marriage were found to be invalid then all that would be necessary would be for the Archbishop of Canterbury to pronounce the King a free man. However, the evening did not go as he had expected. Catherine was angry that he treated her so badly in private while in public he was civil and courteous. Henry told Catherine that even if the Pope declared their marriage to be lawful he would still have his divorce.

He told her that the Church of Canterbury was more important than that of Rome and that if the Pope found against him then he would declare the Pope a heretic and marry wherever he chose. Catherine had been brought back to court for Christmas because there was a general sense of unease since she had been sent from court. With the Christmas festivities over, Catherine was sent back to Richmond.

However, the Pope refused to publish it. Catherine wrote to her representative in Rome, Dr Pedro Ortiz. She begged him to put pressure on the Pope to find her marriage lawful. All those scholars deciding that Henry had a good case were sent a sum of money. Catherine was feeling more optimistic. Catherine, whose health had improved, was present at court for the Twelfth Night celebrations, that included a masque and dancing.

Henry was courteous towards her and dined at the same table. In an attempt to make people believe that he was forced to set aside his wife against his will, Henry visited Catherine regularly. In an attempt to appease Catherine of Aragon, Henry arranged for her to be with Mary when the court moved to Windsor. Henry moved the court to Woodstock for a spell of hunting.

He did not tell Catherine about the move, choosing, instead, to leave her and Mary alone in the deserted apartments at Windsor. Catherine was not invited to court for Christmas and Henry returned her gift saying that they were no longer man and wife it was not proper for them to exchange gifts. Princess Mary made a much publicised visit to her mother at Enfield.

Henry had reluctantly agreed to the visit in a bid to placate his subjects. However, he was very worried that mother and daughter might intrigue against him with the Emperor and he vowed to keep them apart in future. Thomas Abell, who had spoken in public for Catherine, was sent to the Tower. Thomas Cranmer who supported royal supremacy over the church, was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury.

However, he was in Germany serving as English ambassador to the German court. Catherine of Aragon was told to move to Enfield where she would be less comfortable. John Forrest, a member of the Observant Friars at Greenwich, former confessor of Catherine, was imprisoned for supporting Catherine rather than the King. Anne Boleyn told Henry that she was pregnant.

He decided that the marriage should take place as soon as possible, but should be kept secret until an ace could be passed abolishing all appeals to Rome. Henry ordered Catherine to move to Ampthill which was some distance from London. She wrote letters to both the Pope and Charles saying that she wanted no bloodshed and would not sanction any invasion of England on her behalf.

The ruling was opposed by Fisher. Act in Restraint of Appeals The passing of this act forbade all appeals to foreign tribunals in all spiritual, revenue and testamentary cases. This bill had taken several weeks to pass through parliament, with some, such as Sir George Throckmorton, speaking against it. It had to be amended before it would be accepted.

It was obvious to all that this act had been passed to prevent Catherine making any further appeal to Rome. She was told that as she was now no longer queen she must use the title Princess dowager of Wales. She then walked out of the court never to return. The court hearing continued but no decision was reached. When Henry received a summons to Rome by the Pope he realised another solution was needed.

Cromwell suggested that as King, Henry should be able to do as he pleased in his country and that if he removed allegiance to Rome and made himself Head of the Church in England, then he would not need the Pope to grant a divorce. Henry agreed and Cromwell began the legal process to Break with Rome. Two months later she was left alone at Windsor when the court moved to Woodstock.

Catherine would never see Henry again. The following month she was told to leave Windsor for a smaller property. It was the first of many moves over the next five years. Each time she was moved to a smaller and more inhospitable locations. Visitors to Catherine were strictly controlled and she was forbidden from seeing the Spanish Ambassador, her daughter and her closest friend, Maria de Salinas.

In , Catherine learned that Henry had married Anne Boleyn who was pregnant. Those refusing would be guilty of treason. Catherine, now housed in Kimbolton Castle, refused to sign the Act but was fearful of retributions for her determination to maintain legitimacy of her marriage. She refused to eat any food that had not been prepared by her closest servants.

Despite her ill health, Henry refused to allow Catherine to see the Spanish Ambassador, her daughter Mary or her friend Maria de Salinas. Within a year it was clear that Catherine was dying. Catherine of Aragon died on 7th January At the time it was widely believed that Anne Boleyn had poisoned her, but it is now thought that she had cancer. She was buried in Peterborough Cathedral on 29th January Heather Y Wheeler.

Harvard Reference for this page: Heather Y Wheeler. Henry refused her the right to any title but " Dowager Princess of Wales" in recognition of her position as his brother's widow. Catherine went to live at The More Castle, Hertfordshire , late in She was then finally transferred to Kimbolton Castle , Cambridgeshire where she confined herself to one room, which she left only to attend Mass, dressed only in the hair shirt of the Franciscans , and fasted continuously.

They were also forbidden to communicate in writing, but sympathisers discreetly conveyed letters between the two. Henry offered both mother and daughter better quarters and permission to see each other if they would acknowledge Anne Boleyn as the new queen; both refused. In late December , sensing her death was near, Catherine made her will , and wrote to her nephew, the Emperor Charles V, asking him to protect her daughter.

It has been claimed that she then penned one final letter to Henry: [ 80 ]. The hour of my death now drawing on, the tender love I owe you forceth me, my case being such, to commend myself to you, and to put you in remembrance with a few words of the health and safeguard of your soul which you ought to prefer before all worldly matters, and before the care and pampering of your body, for the which you have cast me into many calamities and yourself into many troubles.

For my part, I pardon you everything, and I wish to devoutly pray God that He will pardon you also. For the rest, I commend unto you our daughter Mary, beseeching you to be a good father unto her, as I have heretofore desired. I entreat you also, on behalf of my maids, to give them marriage portions, which is not much, they being but three.

For all my other servants I solicit the wages due them, and a year more, lest they be unprovided for. Lastly, I make this vow, that mine eyes desire you above all things. Katharine the Quene. The authenticity of the letter itself has been questioned, but not Catherine's attitude in its wording, which has been reported with variations in different sources.

Catherine died at Kimbolton Castle on 7 January At the time there were rumours that she was poisoned, [ 83 ] [ 84 ] [ 85 ] possibly by Gregory di Casale. Another theory is that the dressing in yellow was out of respect for Catherine as yellow was said to be the Spanish colour of mourning. Certainly, later in the day it is reported that Henry and Anne both individually and privately wept for her death.

On the day of Catherine's funeral, Anne Boleyn miscarried a male child. Rumours then circulated that Catherine had been poisoned by Anne or Henry, or both. The rumours were born after the apparent discovery during her embalming that there was a black growth on her heart that might have been caused by poisoning. Catherine was buried in Peterborough Cathedral with the ceremony due to her position as a Dowager Princess of Wales , and not a queen.

Catherine was a member of the Third Order of Saint Francis and she was punctilious in her religious obligations in the Order, integrating without demur her necessary duties as queen with her personal piety. After the annulment, she was quoted "I would rather be a poor beggar's wife and be sure of heaven, than queen of all the world and stand in doubt thereof by reason of my own consent.

The outward celebration of saints and holy relics formed no major part of her personal devotions, [ 93 ] which she rather expressed in the Mass , prayer, confession and penance. Privately, however, she was aware of what she identified as the shortcomings of the papacy and church officialdom. In Alfonso de Villa Sancta, a learned friar of the Observant reform branch of the Friars Minor and friend of the King's old advisor Erasmus , dedicated to the queen his book De Liberio Arbitrio adversus Melanchthonem.

The book denounced Philip Melanchthon , a supporter of Luther. Acting as her confessor , he was able to nominate her for the title of " Defender of the Faith " for denying Luther's arguments. In her youth, Catherine was described as "the most beautiful creature in the world" [ 95 ] and that there was "nothing lacking in her that the most beautiful girl should have".

The controversial book The Education of a Christian Woman by Juan Luis Vives , which claimed women have the right to an education, was dedicated to and commissioned by her. Such was Catherine's impression on people, that even her enemy, Thomas Cromwell , said of her "If not for her sex, she could have defied all the heroes of History. Some saw her as a martyr.

Her daughter Queen Mary also had several portraits commissioned of Catherine, and it would not by any means be the last time she was painted. After her death, numerous portraits were painted of her, particularly of her speech at the Legatine Trial, a moment accurately rendered in Shakespeare's play about Henry VIII. Her tomb in Peterborough Cathedral [ ] can be seen and there is hardly ever a time when it is not decorated with flowers or pomegranates, her heraldic symbol.

It bears the title Katharine Queen of England. In the 20th century, George V 's wife, Mary of Teck , had her grave upgraded and there are now banners there denoting Catherine as a queen of England. Every year at Peterborough Cathedral there is a service in her memory. There are processions, prayers and various events in the Cathedral including processions to Catherine's grave in which candles, pomegranates, flowers and other offerings are placed on her grave.

On the service commemorating the th anniversary of her death, the Spanish Ambassador to the United Kingdom attended. During the service a rendition of Catherine of Aragon's speech before the Legatine court was read by Jane Lapotaire. Catherine has remained a popular biographical subject to the present day. The American historian Garrett Mattingly was the author of a popular biography Katherine of Aragon in In , Catherine and her many supporters at court were the subjects of Catherine of Aragon and her Friends , a biography by John E.

In , Mary M. Luke wrote the first book of her Tudor trilogy, Catherine the Queen which portrayed her and the tumultuous era of English history through which she lived. Her baptismal name was "Catalina", but "Katherine" was soon the accepted form in England after her marriage to Arthur. In a letter to her, Arthur, her husband, addressed her as "Princess Katerine".

Rarely were names, particularly first names, written in an exact manner during the sixteenth century and it is evident from Catherine's own letters that different variations were used. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read View source View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote Wikidata item.

Queen of England from to Portrait by Lucas Horenbout , c. Peterborough Cathedral , England. Arthur, Prince of Wales. Mary I of England. As wife and widow of Arthur. The King's great matter. Catherine of Aragon m. Anne Boleyn m. Jane Seymour m. Anne of Cleves m. Catherine Howard m. Catherine Parr m. Legacy, memory and historiography. Ancestors of Catherine of Aragon 8.

Ferdinand I of Aragon [ ] 4. John II of Aragon [ ] 9. Eleanor of Alburquerque [ ] 2. Ferdinand II of Aragon Catherine of Aragon Henry III of Castile [ ] 6. John II of Castile [ ] Catherine of Lancaster [ ] 3. Isabella I of Castile John, Constable of Portugal [ ] 7. Isabella of Portugal [ ] Isabel of Barcelos [ ]. But he was robust and healthy, and already regarded as a precocious intellect.

But now he was the future king and as such he needed a future wife. Katharine and her duenna, Dona Elvira, both wrote that her marriage to Arthur had never been consummated. Pope Julius II granted the dispensation. Katharine had brought half of her dowry with her upon marriage to Arthur; if she returned home, her marriage contract required that the dowry be returned.

Also, her inheritance as dowager Princess of Wales was substantial.

Catalina de aragon biography templates

If she left England, so would lose that steady income. Katharine herself wrote to her father that she had no wish to remain in England but she would obey his decision. Despite her royal position, she lived in poverty. The Spanish ambassador was forced to buy her necessities and she was unable to pay her attendants. Catherine of Aragon spent the next seven years in a state of political limbo.

And when he turned fourteen, Henry VII had his son publicly repudiate the betrothal, claiming that the marriage contract was made without his knowledge or consent. Yet Katharine remained in England. In , the situation was resolved with startling speed. Henry VII died and his eighteen year old son became king. Handsome, proud, and imbued with the romantic spirit of chivalry, he promptly married Katharine.

Did he marry her out of a sense of obligation? Were political councilors encouraging the Spanish alliance? Or did he love the dignified and lovely young princess? It is impossible to know. But they certainly acted like a loving and affectionate couple, far beyond typical royal marriages. There were public displays of affection, declarations of love and respect, and for a long while she was also a close political adviser.

Katharine proved herself to be the perfect consort, even when politics led her father to humiliate and betray Henry. Katharine recognized that she must choose between unwavering support of her father and loyalty to her husband. Katharine was far from barren and did her best; in the first nine years of their marriage, she conceived at least six times.

She miscarried twice, once delivered a stillborn daughter, and two sons died within weeks. The only surviving child was a daughter, Princess Mary, born in Henry was not unhappy with the birth of Mary; he assured ambassadors that if it were a daughter this time, a son would surely follow. But it was soon clear there would be no sons.

The age difference between he and Katharine was now more noticeable.